Types of communication in the company

Communication is the basis of understanding between people, societies and also in economic organizations. And it’s that communication within a company that is absolutely essential for making decisions or carrying out internal activities, but also in the external environment.

In any case, communication is an element of the first order and must also be planned by the company, since the communication strategies of companies today are perfectly designed and have concrete action plans. There are numerous types of communication applicable to companies, among which the following stand out:

Formal or informal communication

Depending on the channels used to conduct any type of communication, we can speak of formal and informal communication in business. When we speak of formal communication, we are referring to any type of communication that can take place between one employee of the company and another, regardless of their hierarchical level, through the channels formally established by the organization.

However, informal communication can be considered any information or news, more or less substantiated, that becomes a rumour and circulates outside of formal channels and without knowledge of its origin by the company. This informal communication is something companies usually fight against as it only creates uncertainty and confusion among employees and is usually denied or confirmed through communication through formally established channels.

Internal or external communication

Depending on whether the communication is internal or external, we can speak of internal communication or external communication.

Internal communication is essential for the proper functioning of any company and is carried out thanks to the existence of a multitude of elements such as e-mails, employee bulletin boards, the intranet or company magazines.

External communication, on the contrary, is a communication aimed at publishing company news, presenting a good image in society, publicly resolving incidents of any kind, or promoting the launch of a new product or service. Being perceived as a transparent organization by customers and consumers is crucial for the company and has undoubtedly become more important in recent years.

Vertical or horizontal communication

Depending on the participants in the communication process, we can classify it as vertical communication or horizontal communication. Horizontal communication is the one that takes place between employees who occupy the same hierarchical level in the organization, while vertical communication takes place between employees who are at different hierarchical levels, i.e. between managers and employees and vice versa.

Depending on the starting point and direction of communication, we can divide vertical communication into ascending or descending communication. Upward communication occurs when it emanates from subordinates and reaches the bosses or higher in the corporate hierarchy. In contrast, downward communication begins from the higher-level commands or direction to the lower-rank staff.

In turn, horizontal communication can be classified as formal or informal depending on the channels used by employees, while vertical communication is always formal as it is conducted through channels pre-established by the organization.

Communication in companies is absolutely necessary as it helps to avoid the isolation of employees and also creates a more comfortable and fluid working environment. Thanks to clear and continuous communication, each employee knows what they have to do and what their functions are, and can form work teams if necessary. Communication in companies is the key to understanding between bosses and employees and among employees themselves, which will positively influence the results.


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